AECC COMMUNICATION ENGLISH UNIT 2 LANGUAGE OF COMMUNICATION NOTES

Level Of Communication

We Live In A Society Where Without Communicating We Cannot Think Of
Forming Relationship To Understand Oneself, Understand Others As Well As To
Developed Our Understanding Of The Society. It Is Essential That We
Theoretically Understand The Different Kind Of Communication That We Engage
In Our Everyday Life To Make Our Life Worth Living.

THE DIFFERENT LEVEL OF COMMUNICATION ARE

EXTRAPERSONAL COMMUNICATION
INTRAPERSONAL COMMUNICATION
INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION
ORGANIZATIONAL COMMUNICATION
MASS COMMUNICATION
Extrapersonal Communication :-
Human Beings Interact With Non-human
Entities We Often Communicate With Our Pets Which Can Be Termed As Extra Personal Communication .
इसके अंतर्गत मनुष्य अन्य जीवो के साथ सम्प्रेषण करता है जैसे पालतू
जानवरों के साथ कुता, बिल्ली ,गाय इत्यादि यह सम्प्रेषण EXTRAPERSONAL COMMUNICATION कहलाता है |
Intrapersonal Communication :-
When We Are Communicate With Ourselves Which We Often Do Various Reasons
जब हम अपने आप से बात करते है जोकि हम बहुत बार व कई कारणों से करते है तो वह INTRAPERSONAL COMMUNICATION कहलाता है |
INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION :-
Interpersonal Communication Refers To All Communications That We Share With
Other Human Beings.
यह मनुष्यों के बीच होने वाला सम्प्रेषण है जो प्रतिदिन हम एक दुसरे के साथ करते है
Organizational Communication :-
Communication That Happens Within An
Organisation Is Termed And As Organisation Communication
There Are Three Types Of Communication In Organization
Internal Operational, External Operational,personal
यह एक संगठन के अंदर चलने वाला सम्प्रेषण है व्यवसायिक तोर पर होने वाला
सम्प्रेषण यह 3 प्रकार का होता है आन्तरिक ,बाह्य, व्यक्तिगत
Mass Communication :-
When The Communication Is With The Large
Audience Than It Is Termed As Mass Communication Medium Like Newspaper,
Magazine Journal Books ,Audio Visual Mediums Like TV, Radio, Internet Etc Are
Used To Communicate With The Mass Even Musical And Theatrical Performances
Cinemas It Is Are Forms Of Mass Communication
जब हम पब्लिक ,जनता या लोगो को संबोधित करते है समाचार पत्र ,पुस्तक
,टीवी ,रेडियो ,या सोशल मीडिया के द्वरा तो यह मास कम्युनिकेशन कहलता है

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FORMAL COMMUNICATION (औपचारिक सम्प्रेषण )

In Formal Communication Certain Rules Conventions And Principles Are Followed
While Communicating Message Formal Communication Occurs In Formal And
Official Style Usually Professional Settings, Corporate Meetings, Conference
Undergoes In Formal Patterns.
औपचारिक सम्प्रेषण का प्रयोग व्यवसायिक तोर पर किया जाता है इसके अंतर्गत
कुछ नियमो ओर सिधान्तो के साथ सम्प्रेषण किया जाता है आमतोर पर यह किसी
मीटिंग ,सम्मेलन, संगोष्ठी में तोर तरीको से किया जाता है
Formal Communication Is Known As Official Communication Formal
Communication Is Used For Serious And Official Purpose
For Example Debate ,Discussion, Lecturer, Interview, Seminar Speech, Meeting
Presentations Public Speaking, Press Briefing Etc
औपचारिक सम्प्रेषण का उपयोग गंभीर ओर आधिकारिक उदेश्य के लिए किया
जाता है उदाहरण के लिए बहस ,चर्चा ,व्याख्यात ,साक्षात्कार संगोष्ठी भाषण ,बैठक ,सार्वजानिक बोल ,प्रेस
कांफ्रेंस के लिया किया जाता है

INFORMAL COMMUNICATION ( अनौपचारिक सम्प्रेषण )

Informal Communication Is Natural And Free Flowing Communication Without
Any Rules Restrictions And Formality It Reflects Personal Touch Humanity And
Emotions It Can Be Casual Conservation It Happens Among Friends And Family
In Informal Communication Use Of Slang Word,foul Language Is Not Restricted
अनौपचारिक संप्रेषण किसी भी नियम प्रतिबंध और औपचारिकता के बिना
प्राकृतिक मुक्त रूप से बोला जाता है यह व्यक्तिगत स्पर्श मानवता और
भावनाओं को दर्शाता है प्राय यह व्यक्ति के दोस्तों व परिवार के बीच होता है
Informal Communication Includes All The Communication That We Do Either In a
Professional Setup Or In A Social Setup Without Any Serious Purpose Attached
Do It For Example Casual Greetings Or Private Conservation, Chatting, Gossips Etc.
अनौपचारिक संप्रेषण व्यक्तिगत या सामाजिक व बिना किसी गंभीर उद्देश्य
किया जाता है उदाहरण के लिए चैटिंग, गपशप, निजी संरक्षण इत्यादि

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VERBAL COMMUNICATION

Verbal communication refers to the form of communication in which message is
transmitted verbally, communication is done by words of mouth and a piece of
writing. verbal communication is any communication that use language.
वह सम्प्रेषण जो मुह से बोला अथवा हाथ से लिखा गया हो व शब्दों का प्रयोग
किया गया हो verbal कम्युनिकेशन कहलाता है

verbal communication is further divided into -

Oral communication मोखिक
Written communication लिखित

Oral communication - in oral communication spoken words are used it
include face to face conversations, speech, telephonic conversation, video,
radio, television voice over internet . in oral communication communication is
influenced by pitch volume speed and clarity of speaking.
मोखिक सम्प्रेष्ण में शब्दों व भाषा का प्रयोग किया जाता है यह आमने सामने
की बातचीत ,भाषण ,फोन पर वार्तालाप ,टीवी ओर इन्टरनेट पर
वीडियो,रेडिओ इत्यादि में ओरल कम्युनिकेशन का प्रयोग होता है

Advantage of oral communication

It brings quick feedback.
In a face to face conversation by reading facial expression and body language one
can guess whether he or she should trust what's being said or not.
Disadvantage of oral communication
In a face to face discussion user is unable to deeply think about what he is delivering

Written communication

In written communication written singh or symbols and vocabulary and
grammar are used to communicate. written message may be printed or hand
written. in written communication message can be transmitted via email ,letter
,report ,memo,job description,faxes, advertisement,news paper, etc
लिखित सम्प्रेषण में उचित शब्दों ,चिन्हों व व्याकरण का उपयोग किया जाता है
यह प्रिंटेड या हाथ से लिखा हो सकता है जैसे ईमेल ,लैटर ,रिपोर्ट ,समाचार पत्र,नोटिस ,विज्ञापन इत्यादि

Advantage of written communication

Messagecan be edited and revised many time before they are actually sent.
written communication provides a record for every message sent and can be saved for later study .
written message unable to receiver to fully understand it and send appropriate feedback.

Disadvantage of written communication

It doesn't bring instant feedback
it take more time in composing.

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Non verbal communication ( गैर मोखिक सम्प्रेषण )

Nonverbal communication is the sending or receiving of wordless messages.
we can say that communication other than oral and written such as gesture,
body language, posture, tone of voice or facial expression is non verbal
communication. nonverbal communication is all about the body language of Speaker.
यह बिना शब्दों के किया गया सम्प्रेषण होता है इसमें हमारे हाव भाव,शारीरिक
प्रतिक्रिया,चहरे की अभिव्यक्ति ,इशारे इत्यादि से सम्प्रेषण होता है

Non verbal cues are

Kinesics
Proxemics
Chronemics
Haptics
Paralanguage
Sign language

KINESICS

Kinesics is the study of body's physical movement for the purpose of
communication in this our body communicate without words through various
moments of its parts. for example nodding once had to communicate acceptance
इसके अंतर्गत शरीर के विभिन्न अंगो के माध्यम से किए गए सम्प्रेषण का अध्ययन किया जाता है
Personal Appearance: our first impression matters a lot, before someone starts
communicating others from an opinion about her or him just by receiving how
the person has tried to present herself/ himself appearance includes cloth wear accessories and cosmetics.
Posture : refers to the way we hold ourselves when we stand sit walk talk or
choose not to talk our posture change according to circumstances when one is
nervous one usually starts fidgeting with something aur the other like mobile Phones.
Gestures : gestures are movements made by hand, head or face appropriate
gesture supplement verbal communication and are also communication in their own right.
Facial expressions : facial expressions communicate to the receiver the intent of the message.
Eye contact : often our eyes communicate better than the words words become
more powerful when the speaker makes eye contact with the listener of the message

PROXEMICS

The study of physical space in interpersonal relations is cold Proxemics. Space or
lack of it between the sender and the receiver of the message also speak volume

intimate zone extend just of 18 inch members of family, Lover, spouse, relatives
and parents usually communicate in this zone.

personal zone stretch from 18 inch to 4 feet close friends colleagues
communicate in this zone

Social zone is in the radius of 4 feet to 12 feet in this zone relationship are
more formal and official for example interview

Public zone starts from 12 feet and many extend 25 feet all to the range of
eyesight and hearing events are formal in this zone for example public meeting

CHRONEMICS

The study of the use of time to communicate is known as
Chronemics. in the professional world time is a valuable resource when we are
late for an appointment people react negatively if we are arrived early we are consider over eager

HAPTICS

language of touch we also communicate with our sense of touch which
is known as haptics.the way we communicate by our physical contact or by
touching the other person is known as haptics. kissing, slapping or shaking hands
are ways of haptics

Paralanguage is the way meaning is conveyed by how we say things while
speaking.Volume, variation,Speed of speaking,Pause,Word stress,Inflections

Sign language refers to symbols which are commonly used within a particular
community or communicative group to mean something that is constant for all
the members of that community for example traffic signals are science or
symbols that we are common all over the world.Other examples of signs are road
Signals, graphics, maps, alarm,sirenc etc Audio sign,Visual sign,Audio visual sign.

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Meaning Of Barriers

The objective of communication is to have people understand what we
are trying to convey. when we talk to others we assume that others
understand what we are saying because we know what we are saying
but this is not possible always, people bring their own attitude,
Perception, emotions and thoughts about the topic which creates
barrier to delivering the right meaning

Types of barrier

CHANNEL NOISE

SEMANTIC NOISE

Channel Noise

When There Is Any Unwanted Interference Or
Snag In The Medium Of Communication Process It Turned As
Channel Noise. For Example Noisy Market Place, Illegible
Handwriting Can Be Termed As Channel Noise In Both Cases The
Factors That Create Communication Failure.

Channel Noise Are

Physical Noise
Use Of Inappropriate Media
Information Overloaded
Fear Of Superiors
Lack Of Basic Communication Skill
Communication Selectivity
Poor Listening

Semantic Noise

Semantic Noise Can Be Defined As Noise Or Barrier That Is Generated From
Within A Message. sometimes Meaning Of Word Is Not Always State Directly
And Can Also Be Implied therefore The Communication Process Fails. Many
Times As The Same Words Is Interrupt Differently By Different People For
Example If Someone Says That “The Bark Is Strong “Then The Meaning Of
The Sentence Will Depend On The Context In Which It Is Spoken In One
Context It May Mean A Dogs Bark And In Another The Bark Of A Tree.

Semantic Noise are

Limited Vocabulary .
Incomplete formal and informal language.
Insufficient Knowledge Of The Subject.
Lack of interest.
Blocked Categories.
Emotional interference.

Strategies To Overcome Barriers To Communication or you can say 7c strategies

COMPLETENESS पूर्णता
CONCISENESS संशिप्ता
CONSIDERATION विचार
CLARITY स्पष्टता
CONCRETNESS सामंजस्य
COURTESY शिष्टाचार
COURTESY शिष्टाचार

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Meaning of listening

It Is Important To Speak Well, But It Is More Significant To Be A Good
Listener. Listening Is Not The Same As Hearing. We Hear Many Sounds
Coming To Us From Various Corners, But We Do Not Bother To Fathom The
Significance Of All Those Sounds. It Is Important To Listen Carefully As It
Is The First Step Towards Being A Better Communicator. When One Is Listening
Carefully, One Communicates The Message That S/He Is Serious.

There are many kinds of listening

Evaluative listening : While listening to the arguments in a Board
meeting, the directors of a company evaluate the arguments of the
speaker while listening; it can be called evaluative listening.

Discriminative listening : Suppose in the Annual Dinner of a company
the Director is chatting with all the staff of the organization informally,
where some are listening to what
he is saying while others are busy with their own discussions. This can
be an example of discriminative listening.

Appreciative listening : When one listens with a kind of appreciation for
what is spoken,it is called appreciative listening. For example, if someone is presenting the
Financial report of a company and people are nodding heads in
appreciation, it can be an example of Appreciative listening.

Emphatic/Empathetic listening : When one listens to the speaker with
empathy or sympathy, then it is called Emphatic Listening. For example, if
in a negotiation, one party is presenting her/his point of view and the other
party sympathizes with her/his point of view, then it can be called
Emphatic listening.

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