B.A. FIRST YEAR NATIONALISM IN INDIA UNIT 3 CHAPTER-5 GANDHI AND MASS MOBILISATION NOTES

MK GANDHI

Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi Is Significant

Because He Could Understand And Bring The Indian
Masses Men And Women
Urban And Rural Into The National Movement
It Was A Radical Break From The Earlier Methods Of Struggle.
Gandhi Provided A Program Of Action For Each Sections Of The Society
For Peasantry Non Payment Of Land Tax,
For Students BoyCot Of Educational Institutions
For Lawyers Desertion Of The Courts
For Women Picketing The Liquor Shops Foreign Clothes
Shops And He Asked The People As A Whole To Violate
Lawless Laws
His Use Of Hunger Strikes, Mass Demonstration Deliberate
Courting Of Jails Were The Principle Weapon Which He Added To
The Nationalist Struggle.
The Period Between 1919 To 1947 Is Marked By Three Important
Struggles

Non-cooperation Movement Of 1920
Civil Disobedience Movement Of 1930
Quit India Movement Of 1942.

The Non Cooperation Movement Was A Significant Movement Which
Lasted From 1920 To 1922 Organised Resistance To British Occupation
Of India Through Non Violent Means Like Refusing To Buy British
Goods, Adapting Local Handicrafts like Khadi And Picketing Of Liquor
Shops. The Gandhian Ideas Of Ahinsa Or Non-violence Were Put Into
The Practice And Demonstrated To Hundreds Of Thousands Of People
And The British Rulers For The First Time On Such A Large Scale.
On February 4, 1922 In The Chauri Chaura, After Violent Clash
Between The Local Police And The Protesters In Which Three Protest
Award Killed By The Police Firing The Police Station Was Set On Fire
By The Mob Who Had Been Fired Upon Killing 22 Of The Police
Officers Present Inside.
This Was Unacceptable To Gandhi's Ideas Of Non Violence So He
Immediately Appealed For The Violent Resistance To End And Finally Called Off This Moment.

The Civil Disobedience Movement Was Launched Under
Gandhi's Leadership The Simon Commission Constituted In
November 1927 By The British Government To Prepare And
Finalise A Constitution For India And Consisting Of Members Of
British Parliament Only, Was bycotted By All Section Of The
Indian Political Groups At That Time Including Congress
As It Was An All White Commission
There Was Massive Oppositions To The Simon Commission In Bengal.
Massive Demonstration Were Held In Calcutta On 19 February 1928
The Day Of Simons Arrival In The City.
Following The Rejection Of Recommendations Of The Simon
Commission By The Indians And All Party Conference Was Held At
Bombay In May 1928
In the civil disobedience movement
12 march 1930 Gandhiji broke the salt law at village
Dandi (Dandi, Gujarat) on the beach. The whole
country woke up. Every man was looking forward
to Gandhiji's leadership.
In April 1930 There Were Violent Police Crowd Clashes In
Calcutta Thousands Of People Were Imprisoned.
In 1931 British Government Agreed To Set All Political
Prisoners Free So That Gandhi Agreed To Discontinue The Civil
Disobedience Movement And Participate As A Sole
Representative Of The Congress In Second Round Table
Conference Which Was Held In London In September 1931
However The Conference Ended In Failure
In December 1931 Gandhi Return To India And
Resumed The Civil Disobedience Movement In
January 1932 and Later The Quit India Movement Of
1942 Become The Biggest Civil Disobedience Action
On The Satyagraha Strategy Of Gandhi.

The Quit India Movement Also Known As August Kranti
The Quit India Movement Was Launched At The Time Of
World War-ii On 8 August 1942. It Was A Movement
Aimed At Ending The British Empire From India. This
Movement Was Started By Mahatma Gandhi At The
Mumbai Session Of The All India Congress Committee.
It Began Simultaneously Throughout The Country
On The Call Of Gandhiji
It Was Against The British Rule To Liberate India Immediately.

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